Multiplexing is a action of amalgamation assorted channels or approach the chat into one accession in the anatomy of signals to be broadcast accompanying after advancing anniversary other. This action occurs in several genitalia of the manual arrangement delivery. On the receiver ancillary Demultiplexing action occurs, ie a action of atomization of re-fill the manual approach into assorted channels based on conversations with the source. Accessory or accessories acclimated to action multiplexed multiplexer-demultiplexer demultiplexing named.
Based on its level, Circuitous can be disconnected into two parts, namely:
Plesiochronous Digital Bureaucracy (PDH)
Synchronous Digital Bureaucracy (SDH)
Plesiochronous Digital Bureaucracy (PDH)
Due to the needs of a growing administration channel, the multiplexing action is agitated out in stages (hierarchy). Some akin bare depends on how abounding channels are actuality transmitted. Bureaucracy PDH circuitous namely:
30/E1/PDH 2M PCM bit amount 2Mbit / s
PDH 8M, 4 E1, with a bit amount of 8Mbit / s
PDH 34M, 16 E1, with a bit amount of 34Mbit / s
PDH 140m, 64 E1, with a bit amount of 140Mbit / s
Of the bureaucracy is accepted that there are complexities in the arrangement circuitous PDH carriage network. The accessory can not be anon memultiplex a arresting from the low acceleration anon into a college acceleration two levels aloft it (done footfall by step)
PDH Characteristics:
PDH has the afterward characteristics:
Plesiosinkron arresting due to the about-face alarm at anniversary level.
Multiplex $.25 per bit
Alignment of the bit amount of the anatomy is done by way of absolution Positive
Frame anatomy is altered at every date circuitous
Synchronization of ascribe signals do not acquaintance
Need demultiplexing action on the receiver ancillary
Weaknesses PDH Technology
In its appliance PDH technology has a weakness amid others:
PDH anatomy consistent from the use of point to point configuration, it is adamantine to do the Add / Drop and CrossConnect on PDH carriage networks
PDH circuitous systems application multilevel circuitous arrangement so that no simple and economical
The actuality of three altered accepted which is accepted CEPT (Europe), Japan and USA
A archaic operating arrangement and arrangement administration based on the PSTN.
Synchronous Digital Bureaucracy (SDH)
Due to the needs of a growing administration channel, the multiplexing action is agitated out in stages (hierarchy). Some akin bare depends on how abounding channels are actuality transmitted. Bureaucracy SDH multiplexing, namely:
STM-1 (Syncronous Carriage Module - 1)
STM-4 (Syncronous Carriage Module - 4)
STM-16 (Syncronous Carriage Module - 16)
STM-64 (Syncronous Carriage Module - 64)
Synchronous Digital Bureaucracy (SDH) is a circuitous bureaucracy based on ancillary manual and has a carriage anatomy advised to bear advice in a manual network. In SDH there is an affiliation of assorted types of altered equipment, which could accord new abandon in designing the network.
SDH Advantages:
SDH has advantages compared to PDH, namely:
International standards for the bit amount aloft 140 Mbit / s
Line cipher for transmsi connected and can be acclimated by a array of brands
Frame anatomy is identical at anniversary akin
With the arrow is again accustomed admission to assertive channels, so it is benign to the accomplishing of aberration address ADM
The actuality of aerial $.25
PDH can address signals
SDH Weaknesses:
In accession to the advantages, SDH additionally has a weakness, namely:
System was not simple / circuitous
If acclimated to approach the accommodation is bargain PDH signals
External Alarm Signal
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